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Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 1(1): 7-22, jan.mar.2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1380289

ABSTRACT

A asma e a rinite alérgica são doenças frequentes e acometem parcela significativa da população, sobretudo crianças. Frequentemente a asma e a rinite coexistem e tem sido documentado que a presença de rinite potencialmente aumenta a gravidade da asma e impacta negativamente na qualidade de vida. Entre os agentes desencadeantes/agravantes dessas doenças são apontados: aeroalérgenos (ácaros do pó domiciliar, fungos, alérgenos de baratas, epitélio de animais, polens e ocupacionais), poluentes intradomiciliares e extradomiciliares (fumaça de tabaco, material particulado liberado pela cocção/aquecimento ­ gás de cozinha, fogão a lenha) e irritantes (odores fortes, arcondicionado). O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar as medidas recomendadas para reduzir a exposição de pacientes sensíveis a esses agentes. Realizou-se busca em base de dados MEDLINE, SciELO e LILACS empregando-se os descritores: environmental control, mite, cockroach, fungi, furry pets, pollen, irritants, smoking, indoor pollution, cooking. Foram revisados os principais estudos e elaborou-se um documento em que são discutidas as relações entre exposição e aparecimento de sintomas, assim como as medidas apontadas como tendo potencial para evitar a exacerbação/ agravamento das doenças alérgicas respiratórias.


Asthma and allergic rhinitis are highly prevalent diseases and they affect a significant share of the population, especially children. Very often, asthma and rhinitis coexist, and the presence of rhinitis has been shown to potentially increase the severity of asthma, with a negative impact on quality of life. Among the triggering or aggravating agents of these conditions it is possible to list: aeroallergens (house dust mites, fungi, cockroach allergens, animal epithelium, pollens and occupational allergens), indoor and outdoor pollutants (tobacco smoke, particulate matter released by cooking/heating ­ cooking gas, wood stoves), and irritants (strong odors, air conditioning). The aim of this study was to identify measures recommended to reduce the exposure of patients sensitive to these agents. A search was conducted on the MEDLINE, SciELO, and LILACS databases, using the following keywords: environmental control, mite, cockroach, fungi, furry pets, pollen, irritants, smoking, indoor pollution, cooking. The main studies were reviewed, and a report was prepared in which the relationships between exposure and the onset of symptoms are discussed, and measures with a potential to prevent exacerbation/ aggravation of allergic respiratory diseases are presented.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Cats , Dogs , Rabbits , Asthma , Allergens/adverse effects , Environmental Monitoring , Rhinitis, Allergic , Pollen , Quality of Life , Tobacco Smoke Pollution , Cockroaches , Air Conditioning , Pets , Fungi , Mites , Nitrogen Dioxide , Odorants
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